Climat chenge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Climat chenge - Essay Example purposely developed a new protocol which aims to serve as the latest legal instrument that can be used to help us overcome the challenges and negative consequences of severe climate change (Rajamany; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). In response to the latest UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the main obstacles behind a successful global agreement will be tackled in details followed by discussing the extent to which these challenges can be easily overcome. In the past, several Conventions were developed by the United Nations and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change which include the Bali Plan Action in 2008, the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, and the Cancun Agreements were implemented to effectively control the global climate change (Kyoto Protocol; United Nations and UNFCCC). The Kyoto Protocol served as the â€Å"legal binding agreement under which industrialized countries will reduce their collective emissions of greenhouse gases by 5.2% compared to the year 1990† (Kyoto Protocol) whereas the Bali Plan Action served as a two-year guideline that aims to finalize the legal agreement in 2009 (United Nations and UNFCCC). In 2010, the Cancun Agreements is composed of decisions made by the international community on each country can work together in solving the long-term problems with regards to climate change (UNFCCC). In 2012, the Kyoto Protocol is expected to expire by the end of 2012 (The New York Times). Last November 2011, the Durban Climate Change Conference was held in Doha, Qatar in order to publicly introduce a new protocol which could serve as a universal legal agreement on issues related to climate change (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). During the Durban Climate Change Conference, it was mentioned that the new expiration date for the Kyoto agreement would be either 2017 or in 2020 (The New York Times). As of August 2011, a total of 192 states and countries have already signed and ratified the

Sector Matrix Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sector Matrix Analysis - Essay Example Center of discussion in this paper is sector matrix analysis as one of the frameworks that are useful in analyzing the demand and the supply linkages. To maintain the return on capital, most of the organizations usually struggle to reduce the cost of manufacturing process and to enhance the cost recovering technique. In sector matrix framework, the firm is usually viewed as one that consolidates al the income through a variety of activities that usually occur through the firm. The objective of a sector matrix framework is to analyze the business and actually understand how a complex structure of supply and demand side can actually interrelate and shape the policy of the businesses responses. The side of the demand is very different when compared to Porter’s value chain strategy. In the matrix framework analysis, the household demands for the products, which are finished, are the ones of interest. In addition to that, all the products and services that are usually complementary and are substitutable are added to the list so that they can become part of consumption for the buyer. This form of analysis usually creates a matrix that consists of vertical and horizontal relations unlike the industry chain analysis. In using sector matrix framework, if the manager is to increase the output of the organization, then the organization must be in a position to satisfy the consumer with their products or services and given at a low cost. In the value chain analysis of Porter (1985), the production function is used to determine the output and the input of the organization. The product process is the combination of inputs to provide a specific output. The output here is either in terms of a service offered or in terms of the product (Williams et al. 1994). A matrix framework analysis is created based on some assumptions. Firstly, on the side of the demand, rather than limiting the expenditure on a product that is new by an individual customer, the definition of the te rm is expanded to also include all the expenditure of the household that include all the expenditure of the household. The other assumption that is used to create the sector matrix of analysis is broadening the definition of the supply side. The concept that is used here is to broaden the definition so that the financial range can consist of a variety of activities that should cut across all the sectors of the industry. This is unlike the value chain approach where the definition of a business is limited and is defined by a common product that uses a similar technology. At a national or regional level, the space that is defined in the motoring matrix is usually controlled by the demand of the household and firms from the motoring sector. This sector maintains the cost recovery from a variety of supply side duties. On the side of the supply, the cost recovery that is usually obtained sustains the organizations surpluses that are often reapplied to merge the activities, which occur wi thin the industry sector and additionally across the industry sector. To explain sector matrix analysis, there are two examples that both used the sector matrix to sustain in the market. An instance is the